LAND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM IN NIGERIA

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By David Isong

Transportation has been a driving force behind human progress, shaping civilizations and connecting the world.

From the earliest methods of walking and animal-drawn carts to groundbreaking inventions like the steam engine, automobiles, and airplanes, transportation has transformed how we live, trade, and explore.

Dwelling on technological advancements and social impacts, transportation has broken barriers, transformed economies, and enabled global connectivity while addressing modern challenges such as sustainability and urbanization.

Amidst this transformation is land transportation.

Land transportation is a cornerstone of human development, facilitating the movement of people, goods, and services across regions.

The evolution of land transportation began with basic trails used for walking and animal-drawn carts, which enabled early trade and communication. The invention of the wheel marked a turning point, leading to the development of wagons and chariots that revolutionized mobility.

In the 20th century, the invention of automobiles transformed personal and commercial transportation, providing unprecedented flexibility and speed.

Road transportation is the most widely used mode in Nigeria, encompassing both private and public systems. While private vehicles such as cars, motorcycles, and bicycles are popular for personal and family use, public transport includes buses, minibuses, tricycles, and taxis, which cater to commuters in cities and towns.

In some cases, motorcycles, known as “Okada,” serve as a quick and accessible mode in both rural and urban areas for short distances. However, despite their convenience, many riders struggle with low income and have learned to adjust their expectations to continue in the business.

Nigeria’s transport network has expanded in recent years to accommodate a growing population. The sector was valued at ₦2.6 trillion in 2020, down from ₦3 trillion in 2019. However, modern land transportation faces challenges such as traffic congestion, environmental concerns, and infrastructure demands.

To address these issues, technological innovations like electric vehicles, autonomous systems, and sustainable urban planning are paving the way for a more efficient and eco-friendly future. Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) vehicles are gaining traction in Nigeria as a cleaner, cost-effective alternative to petrol and diesel-powered vehicles. These vehicles help reduce carbon emissions and fuel costs, promoting environmental sustainability through government initiatives and private investments in CNG infrastructure.

Nigeria’s roads and highways form the backbone of the country’s transport network, handling 90% of all passenger and freight traffic. One key project is the rehabilitation and expansion of the 35-kilometer Apapa-Oshodi-Oworonshoki-Ojota Expressway in Lagos, linking the city’s largest port to the Ojota district.

Good roads are vital for effective land transportation, facilitating smooth, safe, and efficient movement of people and goods. They reduce travel time, lower vehicle maintenance costs, and enhance accessibility to markets, schools, and healthcare facilities, ultimately boosting economic growth and improving the quality of life.

Durable roads also minimize accidents and improve transportation reliability. Road signs play a crucial role in ensuring safe land travel by providing essential information to drivers and pedestrians, guiding navigation, warning of hazards, and regulating traffic flow, which helps reduce the risk of accidents.

In this regard, the Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC) remains essential in ensuring the protection of lives, preventing accidents, and promoting efficient transportation. Adhering to safety measures, such as obeying traffic laws, wearing seat belts, and maintaining vehicles, reduces the risk of collisions and fatalities. Safe roads foster confidence among drivers and passengers, making travel more predictable and stress-free.

Despite challenges such as poor road infrastructure, traffic congestion, and safety concerns, significant strides are being made in the development of modern road networks, rail systems, and the adoption of alternative fuels like CNG.

The growing emphasis on road safety, investment in transportation technologies, and government initiatives to improve infrastructure hold promise for a more efficient and sustainable transportation system.

By addressing existing challenges, Nigeria can unlock the full potential of land transportation for national progress.

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